Voltaire concludes Candide with, if not rejecting Leibnizian optimism outright, advocating a deeply practical precept, "we must cultivate our garden", in lieu of the Leibnizian mantra of Pangloss, "all is for the best" in the " best of all possible worlds".Ĭandide is characterized by its tone as well as by its erratic, fantastical, and fast-moving plot.
The work describes the abrupt cessation of this lifestyle, followed by Candide's slow and painful disillusionment as he witnesses and experiences great hardships in the world. It begins with a young man, Candide, who is living a sheltered life in an Edenic paradise and being indoctrinated with Leibnizian optimism by his mentor, Professor Pangloss. The novella has been widely translated, with English versions titled Candide: or, All for the Best (1759) Candide: or, The Optimist (1762) and Candide: Optimism (1947). Candide, ou l'Optimisme ( / k ɒ n ˈ d iː d/ kon- DEED, French: ( listen)) is a French satire written by Voltaire, a philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment, first published in 1759.
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